Machining the most commonly used 24 kinds of metal materials and their characteristics!

1. 45 - high quality carbon structural steel, the most commonly used medium carbon tempered steel

Main features: the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability and easy to crack during water quenching. Small parts should be treated by tempering, and large parts should be treated by normalizing. Application example: mainly used for manufacturing high strength moving parts, such as turbine impeller, compressor piston. Shaft, gear, rack, worm, etc. Pay attention to preheating before welding and stress relief annealing after welding.

2. Q235A (A3 steel) - the most commonly used carbon structural steel

Main features: high plasticity, toughness and weldability, cold stamping performance, as well as certain strength and good cold bending performance. Application examples: widely used in general requirements of parts and welding structures. Such as tie rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, ferrule, bracket, frame, building structure, bridge, etc.

3. 40Cr -- one of the most widely used steels, which belongs to alloy structural steel

Main features: after quenching and tempering treatment, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength can be obtained when oil is cold, parts with complex shape are easy to crack when water is cold, medium plasticity in cold bending, good machinability after tempering or tempering, but poor weldability, easy to crack, preheat to 100-1 before welding At 50 ℃, it is generally used under the condition of quenching and tempering. It can also be used for carbonitriding and high frequency surface quenching. Application example: after quenching and tempering, it is used to manufacture medium speed and medium load parts, such as machine gear, shaft, worm, spline shaft, thimble sleeve, etc., after quenching and high frequency surface quenching, it is used to manufacture parts with high hardness and wear resistance, such as gear, shaft, spindle, crankshaft, mandrel, sleeve, pin, connecting rod, screw nut, air inlet valve, etc., after quenching and medium temperature tempering, it is used to manufacture The parts with heavy load and medium speed impact, such as oil pump rotor, slide block, gear, main shaft, lantern ring, etc., are used to manufacture the parts with heavy load, low impact and wear resistance after quenching and low temperature tempering, such as worm, main shaft, shaft, lantern ring, etc., and the transmission parts with large size and high low temperature impact toughness, such as shaft, gear, etc., are manufactured at the place of carbonitriding.

4. HT150 - Grey Cast Iron

Application examples: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, pulley, bearing cover, etc.

5. 35 - common materials of various standard parts and fasteners

Main features: proper strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, acceptable weldability. It can be upsetting and drawing in cold state. Examples of application after normalizing or tempering due to low hardenability: suitable for manufacturing small section parts and parts that can bear large load, such as crankshaft, lever, connecting rod, shackle, etc., various standard parts and fasteners.

6. 65Mn -- commonly used spring steel

Application examples: various flat and round springs, cushion springs and spring springs of small size can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold coil coil springs, circlips, etc.

7. 0Cr18Ni9 - the most commonly used stainless steel (US steel 304, Japan steel SUS304)

Characteristics and application: as stainless heat-resistant steel, it is widely used, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, and original equipment for energy industry.

8. Cr12 - common cold work die steel (US steel D3, Japan steel skd1)

Characteristics and application: Cr12 Steel is a widely used cold work die steel, which belongs to the type of high carbon and high chromium ledeburite steel. The steel has good hardenability and wear resistance; the carbon content of Cr12 Steel is as high as 2.3%, so the impact toughness is poor, it is easy to crack, and it is easy to form uneven eutectic carbide; because of its good wear resistance, Cr12 Steel is mostly used to manufacture cold stamping dies, punches, blanking dies, cold upsetting dies, cold extrusion dies with low impact load and high wear resistance , drill sleeve, gauge, drawing die, stamping die, thread rolling plate, drawing die and cold pressing die for powder metallurgy, etc.

9. DC53 -- commonly used cold working die steel imported from Japan

Characteristics and application: high strength and toughness cold working die steel, steel grade of Datong special steel (plant) factory, Japan. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness and good wire cutting performance. For precision cold stamping die, drawing die, thread rolling die, cold stamping die, punch, etc

10. Dccr12mov - wear resistant chromium steel

Compared with Cr12 Steel, domestic steel has lower carbon content and more Mo and V are added. The uneven carbide is improved. Mo can reduce carbide segregation and improve hardenability. V can refine grains and increase toughness. This steel has high hardenability. The cross section can be fully hardenable below 400mm. It can still maintain good hardness and wear resistance at 300 ~ 400 ℃, and it has higher toughness than Cr12. The volume change during quenching is small, and it has high wear resistance and good wear resistance Comprehensive mechanical properties. So we can manufacture various kinds of dies with large section, complex shape and large impact, such as ordinary drawing die, punching die, punching die, blanking die, trimming die, rolling die, wire drawing die, cold extrusion die, cold cutting scissors, circular saw, standard tools, measuring tools, etc.

11. SKD11 - ductile chromium steel

In the production of Hitachi plant in Japan, the cast structure of the steel is improved and the grains are refined. Compared with Cr12MoV, the toughness and wear resistance are improved, and the service life of the die is prolonged

12. D2 - high carbon and high chromium cold work steel

Made in USA, it has high hardenability, hardenability, wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, good corrosion resistance after quenching and polishing, and small heat treatment deformation. It is suitable to manufacture all kinds of cold working dies, cutters and measuring tools with high precision and long life, such as drawing dies, cold extrusion dies, cold shear knives, etc.

13. SKD11 (SLD) - high chromium steel with non deformation and toughness

Due to the increase of Mo, V content in steel, the improvement of casting structure, grain refinement and carbide morphology, the strength and toughness (bending strength, deflection, impact toughness, etc.) of this steel are higher than those of skd1 and D2, the wear resistance is also increased, and it has higher fire resistance. Practice has proved that the service life of this steel mold is longer than that of Cr12MoV. The mold with high requirements is often manufactured, such as drawing Die, impact grinding wheel die, etc.

14. DC53 high toughness high chromium steel

The hardness of heat treatment is higher than that of SKD11. After tempering at high temperature (520-530), the hardness can reach 62-63hrc. In terms of strength and wear resistance, DC53 is higher than that of SKD11. The toughness of DC53 is twice that of SKD11. There are few cracks and crazes in the manufacturing of cold working die. The service life is greatly improved, the residual stress is small, and the residual stress is reduced by turning back at high temperature because of the cracks and deformation after wire cutting It is used in precision stamping die, cold forging, deep drawing die, etc

15. Skh-9 -- general high speed steel with high wear resistance and toughness

It is used for cold forging die, Slitter, drill, reamer, punch, etc.

16. Asp-23 - powder metallurgy high speed steel

Made in Sweden. Carbide distribution is very uniform, wear-resistant, high toughness, easy to process, heat treatment size is stable. It is used for punch, deep drawing die, drilling die, milling cutter, shear blade and other long-life cutting tools.

17. P20 - General requirements for large and small plastic molds

Produced in USA, it can be operated by electric erosion, pre hardened hb270-300 in factory, and hardened hrc52.

18. 718 - large and small plastic mould with high requirements

Produced in Sweden. Special electric erosion operation. Factory pre hardened hb290-330. Quenching hardness hrc52

19. NAK80 -- high mirror, high precision plastic mold

Made in Datong, Japan. Pre hardened hb370-400 in factory. Quenching hardness hrc52

20. S136 - anti corrosion and mirror polished plastic mold

It is made in Sweden. The pre hardening Hb in factory is less than 215. The quenching hardness is hrc52.

21. H13 - common die casting die

For aluminum, zinc, magnesium and alloy die casting. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,

22. SKD61 - advanced die casting die

It is produced by Hitachi in Japan, and its service life is significantly longer than that of H13 by the technology of electroslag remelting,

23, 8407 - advanced die casting die

Made in Sweden. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.

24. Fdac -- added sulfur to enhance its workability

The factory pre hardness is 338-42hrc, which can be directly engraved without quenching and tempering. It is used for small batch mold, simple mold, various resin products, sliding parts, mold parts with short delivery time, zipper mold and eyeglass frame mold.